* GPU binning and compression.
- binning and index compression are done inside the DeviceShard constructor
- in case of a DMatrix with multiple row batches, it is first converted into a single row batch
* Multi-GPU HostDeviceVector.
- HostDeviceVector instances can now span multiple devices, defined by GPUSet struct
- the interface of HostDeviceVector has been modified accordingly
- GPU objective functions are now multi-GPU
- GPU predicting from cache is now multi-GPU
- avoiding omp_set_num_threads() calls
- other minor changes
* Replaced std::vector-based interfaces with HostDeviceVector-based interfaces.
- replacement was performed in the learner, boosters, predictors,
updaters, and objective functions
- only interfaces used in training were replaced;
interfaces like PredictInstance() still use std::vector
- refactoring necessary for replacement of interfaces was also performed,
such as using HostDeviceVector in prediction cache
* HostDeviceVector-based interfaces for custom objective function example plugin.
* Added GPU objective function and no-copy interface.
- xgboost::HostDeviceVector<T> syncs automatically between host and device
- no-copy interfaces have been added
- default implementations just sync the data to host
and call the implementations with std::vector
- GPU objective function, predictor, histogram updater process data
directly on GPU
* Fix#2905
* Fix gpu_exact test failures
* Fix bug in GPU prediction where multiple calls to batch prediction can produce incorrect results
* Fix GPU documentation formatting
- Implement colsampling, subsampling for gpu_hist_experimental
- Optimised multi-GPU implementation for gpu_hist_experimental
- Make nccl optional
- Add Volta architecture flag
- Optimise RegLossObj
- Add timing utilities for debug verbose mode
- Bump required cuda version to 8.0
* Fatal error if GPU algorithm selected without GPU support compiled
* Resolve type conversion warnings
* Fix gpu unit test failure
* Fix compressed iterator edge case
* Fix python unit test failures due to flake8 update on pip
