[jvm-packages] Fix #3489: Spark repartitionForData can potentially shuffle all data and lose ordering required for ranking objectives (#3654)

jvm-packages/xgboost4j-spark/src/main/scala/ml/dmlc/xgboost4j/scala/spark/XGBoost.scala

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ package ml.dmlc.xgboost4j.scala.spark
 import java.io.File
 import java.nio.file.Files
 
-import scala.collection.mutable
+import scala.collection.{AbstractIterator, mutable}
 import scala.util.Random
 
 import ml.dmlc.xgboost4j.java.{IRabitTracker, Rabit, XGBoostError, RabitTracker => PyRabitTracker}
@@ -53,6 +53,17 @@ object TrackerConf {
   def apply(): TrackerConf = TrackerConf(0L, "python")
 }
 
+/**
+ * Traing data group in a RDD partition.
+ * @param groupId The group id
+ * @param points Array of XGBLabeledPoint within the same group.
+ * @param isEdgeGroup whether it is a frist or last group in a RDD partition.
+ */
+private[spark] case class XGBLabeledPointGroup(
+    groupId: Int,
+    points: Array[XGBLabeledPoint],
+    isEdgeGroup: Boolean)
+
 object XGBoost extends Serializable {
   private val logger = LogFactory.getLog("XGBoostSpark")
 
@@ -74,78 +85,62 @@ object XGBoost extends Serializable {
     }
   }
 
-  private def fromBaseMarginsToArray(baseMargins: Iterator[Float]): Option[Array[Float]] = {
-    val builder = new mutable.ArrayBuilder.ofFloat()
-    var nTotal = 0
-    var nUndefined = 0
-    while (baseMargins.hasNext) {
-      nTotal += 1
-      val baseMargin = baseMargins.next()
-      if (baseMargin.isNaN) {
-        nUndefined += 1  // don't waste space for all-NaNs.
-      } else {
-        builder += baseMargin
+  private def removeMissingValuesWithGroup(
+      xgbLabelPointGroups: Iterator[Array[XGBLabeledPoint]],
+      missing: Float): Iterator[Array[XGBLabeledPoint]] = {
+    if (!missing.isNaN) {
+      xgbLabelPointGroups.map {
+        labeledPoints => XGBoost.removeMissingValues(labeledPoints.iterator, missing).toArray
       }
-    }
-    if (nUndefined == nTotal) {
-      None
-    } else if (nUndefined == 0) {
-      Some(builder.result())
     } else {
-      throw new IllegalArgumentException(
-        s"Encountered a partition with $nUndefined NaN base margin values. " +
-          s"If you want to specify base margin, ensure all values are non-NaN.")
+      xgbLabelPointGroups
     }
   }
 
-  private[spark] def buildDistributedBoosters(
-      data: RDD[XGBLabeledPoint],
+  private def getCacheDirName(useExternalMemory: Boolean): Option[String] = {
+    val taskId = TaskContext.getPartitionId().toString
+    if (useExternalMemory) {
+      val dir = Files.createTempDirectory(s"${TaskContext.get().stageId()}-cache-$taskId")
+      Some(dir.toAbsolutePath.toString)
+    } else {
+      None
+    }
+  }
+
+  private def buildDistributedBooster(
+      watches: Watches,
       params: Map[String, Any],
       rabitEnv: java.util.Map[String, String],
       round: Int,
       obj: ObjectiveTrait,
       eval: EvalTrait,
-      useExternalMemory: Boolean,
-      missing: Float,
-      prevBooster: Booster
-    ): RDD[(Booster, Map[String, Array[Float]])] = {
+      prevBooster: Booster)
+    : Iterator[(Booster, Map[String, Array[Float]])] = {
 
-    val partitionedBaseMargin = data.map(_.baseMargin)
     // to workaround the empty partitions in training dataset,
     // this might not be the best efficient implementation, see
     // (https://github.com/dmlc/xgboost/issues/1277)
-    data.zipPartitions(partitionedBaseMargin) { (labeledPoints, baseMargins) =>
-      if (labeledPoints.isEmpty) {
-        throw new XGBoostError(
-          s"detected an empty partition in the training data, partition ID:" +
-            s" ${TaskContext.getPartitionId()}")
-      }
-      val taskId = TaskContext.getPartitionId().toString
-      val cacheDirName = if (useExternalMemory) {
-        val dir = Files.createTempDirectory(s"${TaskContext.get().stageId()}-cache-$taskId")
-        Some(dir.toAbsolutePath.toString)
-      } else {
-        None
-      }
-      rabitEnv.put("DMLC_TASK_ID", taskId)
-      Rabit.init(rabitEnv)
-      val watches = Watches(params,
-        removeMissingValues(labeledPoints, missing),
-        fromBaseMarginsToArray(baseMargins), cacheDirName)
+    if (watches.train.rowNum == 0) {
+      throw new XGBoostError(
+        s"detected an empty partition in the training data, partition ID:" +
+          s" ${TaskContext.getPartitionId()}")
+    }
+    val taskId = TaskContext.getPartitionId().toString
+    rabitEnv.put("DMLC_TASK_ID", taskId)
+    Rabit.init(rabitEnv)
 
-      try {
-        val numEarlyStoppingRounds = params.get("num_early_stopping_rounds")
-            .map(_.toString.toInt).getOrElse(0)
-        val metrics = Array.tabulate(watches.size)(_ => Array.ofDim[Float](round))
-        val booster = SXGBoost.train(watches.train, params, round,
-          watches.toMap, metrics, obj, eval,
-          earlyStoppingRound = numEarlyStoppingRounds, prevBooster)
-        Iterator(booster -> watches.toMap.keys.zip(metrics).toMap)
-      } finally {
-        Rabit.shutdown()
-        watches.delete()
-      }
-    }.cache()
+    try {
+      val numEarlyStoppingRounds = params.get("num_early_stopping_rounds")
+        .map(_.toString.toInt).getOrElse(0)
+      val metrics = Array.tabulate(watches.size)(_ => Array.ofDim[Float](round))
+      val booster = SXGBoost.train(watches.train, params, round,
+        watches.toMap, metrics, obj, eval,
+        earlyStoppingRound = numEarlyStoppingRounds, prevBooster)
+      Iterator(booster -> watches.toMap.keys.zip(metrics).toMap)
+    } finally {
+      Rabit.shutdown()
+      watches.delete()
+    }
   }
 
   private def overrideParamsAccordingToTaskCPUs(
@@ -219,7 +214,8 @@ object XGBoost extends Serializable {
       obj: ObjectiveTrait = null,
       eval: EvalTrait = null,
       useExternalMemory: Boolean = false,
-      missing: Float = Float.NaN): (Booster, Map[String, Array[Float]]) = {
+      missing: Float = Float.NaN,
+      hasGroup: Boolean = false): (Booster, Map[String, Array[Float]]) = {
     validateSparkSslConf(trainingData.context)
     if (params.contains("tree_method")) {
       require(params("tree_method") != "hist", "xgboost4j-spark does not support fast histogram" +
@@ -244,7 +240,6 @@ object XGBoost extends Serializable {
         " an instance of Long.")
     }
     val (checkpointPath, checkpointInterval) = CheckpointManager.extractParams(params)
-    val partitionedData = repartitionForTraining(trainingData, nWorkers)
 
     val sc = trainingData.sparkContext
     val checkpointManager = new CheckpointManager(sc, checkpointPath)
@@ -258,9 +253,29 @@ object XGBoost extends Serializable {
         try {
           val overriddenParams = overrideParamsAccordingToTaskCPUs(params, sc)
           val parallelismTracker = new SparkParallelismTracker(sc, timeoutRequestWorkers, nWorkers)
-          val boostersAndMetrics = buildDistributedBoosters(partitionedData, overriddenParams,
-            tracker.getWorkerEnvs, checkpointRound, obj, eval, useExternalMemory, missing,
-            prevBooster)
+          val rabitEnv = tracker.getWorkerEnvs
+          val boostersAndMetrics = hasGroup match {
+            case true => {
+              val partitionedData = repartitionForTrainingGroup(trainingData, nWorkers)
+              partitionedData.mapPartitions(labeledPointGroups => {
+                val watches = Watches.buildWatchesWithGroup(params,
+                  removeMissingValuesWithGroup(labeledPointGroups, missing),
+                  getCacheDirName(useExternalMemory))
+                buildDistributedBooster(watches, params, rabitEnv, checkpointRound,
+                  obj, eval, prevBooster)
+              }).cache()
+            }
+            case false => {
+              val partitionedData = repartitionForTraining(trainingData, nWorkers)
+              partitionedData.mapPartitions(labeledPoints => {
+                val watches = Watches.buildWatches(params,
+                  removeMissingValues(labeledPoints, missing),
+                  getCacheDirName(useExternalMemory))
+                 buildDistributedBooster(watches, params, rabitEnv, checkpointRound,
+                   obj, eval, prevBooster)
+              }).cache()
+            }
+          }
           val sparkJobThread = new Thread() {
             override def run() {
               // force the job
@@ -278,13 +293,12 @@ object XGBoost extends Serializable {
             checkpointManager.updateCheckpoint(prevBooster)
           }
           (booster, metrics)
-      } finally {
-        tracker.stop()
-      }
+        } finally {
+          tracker.stop()
+        }
     }.last
   }
 
-
   private[spark] def repartitionForTraining(trainingData: RDD[XGBLabeledPoint], nWorkers: Int) = {
     if (trainingData.getNumPartitions != nWorkers) {
       logger.info(s"repartitioning training set to $nWorkers partitions")
@@ -294,6 +308,31 @@ object XGBoost extends Serializable {
     }
   }
 
+  private[spark] def repartitionForTrainingGroup(
+      trainingData: RDD[XGBLabeledPoint], nWorkers: Int): RDD[Array[XGBLabeledPoint]] = {
+    val normalGroups: RDD[Array[XGBLabeledPoint]] = trainingData.mapPartitions(
+      // LabeledPointGroupIterator returns (Boolean, Array[XGBLabeledPoint])
+      new LabeledPointGroupIterator(_)).filter(!_.isEdgeGroup).map(_.points)
+
+    // edge groups with partition id.
+    val edgeGroups: RDD[(Int, XGBLabeledPointGroup)] = trainingData.mapPartitions(
+      new LabeledPointGroupIterator(_)).filter(_.isEdgeGroup).map(
+        group => (TaskContext.getPartitionId(), group))
+
+    // group chunks from different partitions together by group id in XGBLabeledPoint.
+    // use groupBy instead of aggregateBy since all groups within a partition have unique groud ids.
+    val stitchedGroups: RDD[Array[XGBLabeledPoint]] = edgeGroups.groupBy(_._2.groupId).map(
+      groups => {
+        val it: Iterable[(Int, XGBLabeledPointGroup)] = groups._2
+        // sorted by partition id and merge list of Array[XGBLabeledPoint] into one array
+        it.toArray.sortBy(_._1).map(_._2.points).flatten
+      })
+
+    var allGroups = normalGroups.union(stitchedGroups)
+    logger.info(s"repartitioning training group set to $nWorkers partitions")
+    allGroups.repartition(nWorkers)
+  }
+
   private def postTrackerReturnProcessing(
       trackerReturnVal: Int,
       distributedBoostersAndMetrics: RDD[(Booster, Map[String, Array[Float]])],
@@ -321,9 +360,9 @@ object XGBoost extends Serializable {
 }
 
 private class Watches private(
-  val train: DMatrix,
-  val test: DMatrix,
-  private val cacheDirName: Option[String]) {
+    val train: DMatrix,
+    val test: DMatrix,
+    private val cacheDirName: Option[String]) {
 
   def toMap: Map[String, DMatrix] = Map("train" -> train, "test" -> test)
     .filter { case (_, matrix) => matrix.rowNum > 0 }
@@ -342,59 +381,152 @@ private class Watches private(
 
 private object Watches {
 
-  def buildGroups(groups: Seq[Int]): Seq[Int] = {
-    val output = mutable.ArrayBuffer.empty[Int]
-    var count = 1
-    var lastGroup = groups.head
-    for (group <- groups.tail) {
-      if (group != lastGroup) {
-        lastGroup = group
-        output += count
-        count = 1
+  private def fromBaseMarginsToArray(baseMargins: Iterator[Float]): Option[Array[Float]] = {
+    val builder = new mutable.ArrayBuilder.ofFloat()
+    var nTotal = 0
+    var nUndefined = 0
+    while (baseMargins.hasNext) {
+      nTotal += 1
+      val baseMargin = baseMargins.next()
+      if (baseMargin.isNaN) {
+        nUndefined += 1  // don't waste space for all-NaNs.
       } else {
-        count += 1
+        builder += baseMargin
       }
     }
-    output += count
-    output
+    if (nUndefined == nTotal) {
+      None
+    } else if (nUndefined == 0) {
+      Some(builder.result())
+    } else {
+      throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+        s"Encountered a partition with $nUndefined NaN base margin values. " +
+          s"If you want to specify base margin, ensure all values are non-NaN.")
+    }
   }
 
-  def apply(
+  def buildWatches(
       params: Map[String, Any],
       labeledPoints: Iterator[XGBLabeledPoint],
-      baseMarginsOpt: Option[Array[Float]],
       cacheDirName: Option[String]): Watches = {
     val trainTestRatio = params.get("train_test_ratio").map(_.toString.toDouble).getOrElse(1.0)
     val seed = params.get("seed").map(_.toString.toLong).getOrElse(System.nanoTime())
     val r = new Random(seed)
     val testPoints = mutable.ArrayBuffer.empty[XGBLabeledPoint]
+    val trainBaseMargins = new mutable.ArrayBuilder.ofFloat
+    val testBaseMargins = new mutable.ArrayBuilder.ofFloat
     val trainPoints = labeledPoints.filter { labeledPoint =>
       val accepted = r.nextDouble() <= trainTestRatio
       if (!accepted) {
         testPoints += labeledPoint
+        testBaseMargins += labeledPoint.baseMargin
+      } else {
+        trainBaseMargins += labeledPoint.baseMargin
       }
+      accepted
+    }
+    val trainMatrix = new DMatrix(trainPoints, cacheDirName.map(_ + "/train").orNull)
+    val testMatrix = new DMatrix(testPoints.iterator, cacheDirName.map(_ + "/test").orNull)
 
+    val trainMargin = fromBaseMarginsToArray(trainBaseMargins.result().iterator)
+    val testMargin = fromBaseMarginsToArray(testBaseMargins.result().iterator)
+    if (trainMargin.isDefined) trainMatrix.setBaseMargin(trainMargin.get)
+    if (testMargin.isDefined) testMatrix.setBaseMargin(testMargin.get)
+
+    new Watches(trainMatrix, testMatrix, cacheDirName)
+  }
+
+  def buildWatchesWithGroup(
+      params: Map[String, Any],
+      labeledPointGroups: Iterator[Array[XGBLabeledPoint]],
+      cacheDirName: Option[String]): Watches = {
+    val trainTestRatio = params.get("train_test_ratio").map(_.toString.toDouble).getOrElse(1.0)
+    val seed = params.get("seed").map(_.toString.toLong).getOrElse(System.nanoTime())
+    val r = new Random(seed)
+    val testPoints = mutable.ArrayBuilder.make[XGBLabeledPoint]
+    val trainBaseMargins = new mutable.ArrayBuilder.ofFloat
+    val testBaseMargins = new mutable.ArrayBuilder.ofFloat
+    val trainGroups = new mutable.ArrayBuilder.ofInt
+    val testGroups = new mutable.ArrayBuilder.ofInt
+
+    val trainLabelPointGroups = labeledPointGroups.filter { labeledPointGroup =>
+      val accepted = r.nextDouble() <= trainTestRatio
+      if (!accepted) {
+        labeledPointGroup.foreach(labeledPoint => {
+          testPoints += labeledPoint
+          testBaseMargins += labeledPoint.baseMargin
+        })
+        testGroups += labeledPointGroup.length
+      } else {
+        labeledPointGroup.foreach(trainBaseMargins += _.baseMargin)
+        trainGroups += labeledPointGroup.length
+      }
       accepted
     }
 
-    val (trainIter1, trainIter2) = trainPoints.duplicate
-    val trainMatrix = new DMatrix(trainIter1, cacheDirName.map(_ + "/train").orNull)
-    val trainGroups = buildGroups(trainIter2.map(_.group).toSeq).toArray
-    trainMatrix.setGroup(trainGroups)
+    val trainPoints = trainLabelPointGroups.flatMap(_.iterator)
+    val trainMatrix = new DMatrix(trainPoints, cacheDirName.map(_ + "/train").orNull)
+    trainMatrix.setGroup(trainGroups.result())
 
-    val testMatrix = new DMatrix(testPoints.iterator, cacheDirName.map(_ + "/test").orNull)
+    val testMatrix = new DMatrix(testPoints.result().iterator, cacheDirName.map(_ + "/test").orNull)
     if (trainTestRatio < 1.0) {
-      val testGroups = buildGroups(testPoints.map(_.group)).toArray
-      testMatrix.setGroup(testGroups)
+      testMatrix.setGroup(testGroups.result())
     }
 
-    r.setSeed(seed)
-    for (baseMargins <- baseMarginsOpt) {
-      val (trainMargin, testMargin) = baseMargins.partition(_ => r.nextDouble() <= trainTestRatio)
-      trainMatrix.setBaseMargin(trainMargin)
-      testMatrix.setBaseMargin(testMargin)
-    }
+    val trainMargin = fromBaseMarginsToArray(trainBaseMargins.result().iterator)
+    val testMargin = fromBaseMarginsToArray(testBaseMargins.result().iterator)
+    if (trainMargin.isDefined) trainMatrix.setBaseMargin(trainMargin.get)
+    if (testMargin.isDefined) testMatrix.setBaseMargin(testMargin.get)
 
     new Watches(trainMatrix, testMatrix, cacheDirName)
   }
 }
+
+/**
+ * Within each RDD partition, group the <code>XGBLabeledPoint</code> by group id.</p>
+ * And the first and the last groups may not have all the items due to the data partition.
+ * <code>LabeledPointGroupIterator</code> orginaizes data in a tuple format:
+ * (isFistGroup || isLastGroup, Array[XGBLabeledPoint]).</p>
+ * The edge groups across partitions can be stitched together later.
+ * @param base collection of <code>XGBLabeledPoint</code>
+ */
+private[spark] class LabeledPointGroupIterator(base: Iterator[XGBLabeledPoint])
+  extends AbstractIterator[XGBLabeledPointGroup] {
+
+  private var firstPointOfNextGroup: XGBLabeledPoint = null
+  private var isNewGroup = true
+
+  override def hasNext: Boolean = {
+    return base.hasNext || isNewGroup
+  }
+
+  override def next(): XGBLabeledPointGroup = {
+    val builder = mutable.ArrayBuilder.make[XGBLabeledPoint]
+    var isFirstGroup = true
+    if (firstPointOfNextGroup != null) {
+      builder += firstPointOfNextGroup
+      isFirstGroup = false
+    }
+
+    isNewGroup = false
+    while (!isNewGroup && base.hasNext) {
+      val point = base.next()
+      val groupId = if (firstPointOfNextGroup != null) firstPointOfNextGroup.group else point.group
+      firstPointOfNextGroup = point
+      if (point.group == groupId) {
+        // add to current group
+        builder += point
+      } else {
+        // start a new group
+        isNewGroup = true
+      }
+    }
+
+    val isLastGroup = !isNewGroup
+    val result = builder.result()
+    val group = XGBLabeledPointGroup(result(0).group, result, isFirstGroup || isLastGroup)
+
+    group
+  }
+}
+

jvm-packages/xgboost4j-spark/src/main/scala/ml/dmlc/xgboost4j/scala/spark/XGBoostClassifier.scala

@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ class XGBoostClassifier (
     // All non-null param maps in XGBoostClassifier are in derivedXGBParamMap.
     val (_booster, _metrics) = XGBoost.trainDistributed(instances, derivedXGBParamMap,
       $(numRound), $(numWorkers), $(customObj), $(customEval), $(useExternalMemory),
-      $(missing))
+      $(missing), hasGroup = false)
     val model = new XGBoostClassificationModel(uid, _numClasses, _booster)
     val summary = XGBoostTrainingSummary(_metrics)
     model.setSummary(summary)
@@ -517,3 +517,4 @@ object XGBoostClassificationModel extends MLReadable[XGBoostClassificationModel]
     }
   }
 }
+

jvm-packages/xgboost4j-spark/src/main/scala/ml/dmlc/xgboost4j/scala/spark/XGBoostRegressor.scala

@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ class XGBoostRegressor (
     // All non-null param maps in XGBoostRegressor are in derivedXGBParamMap.
     val (_booster, _metrics) = XGBoost.trainDistributed(instances, derivedXGBParamMap,
       $(numRound), $(numWorkers), $(customObj), $(customEval), $(useExternalMemory),
-      $(missing))
+      $(missing), hasGroup = group != lit(-1))
     val model = new XGBoostRegressionModel(uid, _booster)
     val summary = XGBoostTrainingSummary(_metrics)
     model.setSummary(summary)

jvm-packages/xgboost4j-spark/src/test/scala/ml/dmlc/xgboost4j/scala/spark/XGBoostClassifierSuite.scala

@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ class XGBoostClassifierSuite extends FunSuite with PerTest {
     val training2 = training1.withColumn("margin", functions.rand())
     val test = buildDataFrame(Classification.test)
     val paramMap = Map("eta" -> "1", "max_depth" -> "6", "silent" -> "1",
-      "objective" -> "binary:logistic", "test_train_split" -> "0.5",
+      "objective" -> "binary:logistic", "train_test_ratio" -> "1.0",
       "num_round" -> 5, "num_workers" -> numWorkers)
 
     val xgb = new XGBoostClassifier(paramMap)

jvm-packages/xgboost4j-spark/src/test/scala/ml/dmlc/xgboost4j/scala/spark/XGBoostGeneralSuite.scala

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ package ml.dmlc.xgboost4j.scala.spark
 import java.nio.file.Files
 import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingDeque
 import ml.dmlc.xgboost4j.java.Rabit
+import ml.dmlc.xgboost4j.{LabeledPoint => XGBLabeledPoint}
 import ml.dmlc.xgboost4j.scala.DMatrix
 import ml.dmlc.xgboost4j.scala.rabit.RabitTracker
 import ml.dmlc.xgboost4j.scala.{XGBoost => SXGBoost, _}
@@ -71,18 +72,16 @@ class XGBoostGeneralSuite extends FunSuite with PerTest {
     assert(collectedAllReduceResults.poll().sameElements(maxVec))
   }
 
-  test("build RDD containing boosters with the specified worker number") {
+  test("distributed training with the specified worker number") {
     val trainingRDD = sc.parallelize(Classification.train)
-    val partitionedRDD = XGBoost.repartitionForTraining(trainingRDD, 2)
-    val boosterRDD = XGBoost.buildDistributedBoosters(
-      partitionedRDD,
+    val (booster, metrics) = XGBoost.trainDistributed(
+      trainingRDD,
       List("eta" -> "1", "max_depth" -> "6", "silent" -> "1",
         "objective" -> "binary:logistic").toMap,
-      new java.util.HashMap[String, String](),
-      round = 5, eval = null, obj = null, useExternalMemory = true,
-      missing = Float.NaN, prevBooster = null)
-    val boosterCount = boosterRDD.count()
-    assert(boosterCount === 2)
+      round = 5, nWorkers = numWorkers, eval = null, obj = null, useExternalMemory = false,
+      hasGroup = false, missing = Float.NaN)
+
+    assert(booster != null)
   }
 
   test("training with external memory cache") {
@@ -235,4 +234,37 @@ class XGBoostGeneralSuite extends FunSuite with PerTest {
     assert(error(prevModel._booster) > error(nextModel._booster))
     assert(error(nextModel._booster) < 0.1)
   }
+
+  test("repartitionForTrainingGroup with group data") {
+    // test different splits to cover the corner cases.
+    for (split <- 1 to 20) {
+      val trainingRDD = sc.parallelize(Ranking.train, split)
+      val traingGroupsRDD = XGBoost.repartitionForTrainingGroup(trainingRDD, 4)
+      val trainingGroups: Array[Array[XGBLabeledPoint]] = traingGroupsRDD.collect()
+      // check the the order of the groups with group id.
+      // Ranking.train has 20 groups
+      assert(trainingGroups.length == 20)
+
+      // compare all points
+      val allPoints = trainingGroups.sortBy(_(0).group).flatten
+      assert(allPoints.length == Ranking.train.size)
+      for (i <- 0 to Ranking.train.size - 1) {
+        assert(allPoints(i).group == Ranking.train(i).group)
+        assert(allPoints(i).label == Ranking.train(i).label)
+        assert(allPoints(i).values.sameElements(Ranking.train(i).values))
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  test("distributed training with group data") {
+    val trainingRDD = sc.parallelize(Ranking.train, 2)
+    val (booster, metrics) = XGBoost.trainDistributed(
+      trainingRDD,
+      List("eta" -> "1", "max_depth" -> "6", "silent" -> "1",
+        "objective" -> "binary:logistic").toMap,
+      round = 5, nWorkers = numWorkers, eval = null, obj = null, useExternalMemory = false,
+      hasGroup = true, missing = Float.NaN)
+
+    assert(booster != null)
+  }
 }