Replace setup.py with pyproject.toml (#9021)

* Create pyproject.toml
* Implement a custom build backend (see below) in packager directory. Build logic from setup.py has been refactored and migrated into the new backend.
* Tested: pip wheel . (build wheel), python -m build --sdist . (source distribution)

doc/contrib/index.rst

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ Here are guidelines for contributing to various aspect of the XGBoost project:
   Community Guideline <community>
   donate
   coding_guide
+  python_packaging
   unit_tests
   Docs and Examples <docs>
   git_guide