Extend array interface to handle ndarray. (#7434)

* Extend array interface to handle ndarray.

The `ArrayInterface` class is extended to support multi-dim array inputs. Previously this
class handles only 2-dim (vector is also matrix).  This PR specifies the expected
dimension at compile-time and the array interface can perform various checks automatically
for input data. Also, adapters like CSR are more rigorous about their input.  Lastly, row
vector and column vector are handled without intervention from the caller.

src/common/device_helpers.cuh

@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ inline ncclResult_t ThrowOnNcclError(ncclResult_t code, const char *file,
 }
 #endif
 
-inline int32_t CudaGetPointerDevice(void* ptr) {
+inline int32_t CudaGetPointerDevice(void const *ptr) {
   int32_t device = -1;
   cudaPointerAttributes attr;
   dh::safe_cuda(cudaPointerGetAttributes(&attr, ptr));