[coll] Improvements and fixes for tracker and allreduce. (#9745)

- Allow the tracker to wait.
- Fix allreduce type cast
- Return args from the federated tracker.

plugin/federated/federated_tracker.cc

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
 #include <grpcpp/security/server_credentials.h>  // for InsecureServerCredentials, ...
 #include <grpcpp/server_builder.h>               // for ServerBuilder
 
-#include <chrono>     // for ms
 #include <cstdint>    // for int32_t
 #include <exception>  // for exception
 #include <limits>     // for numeric_limits
@@ -61,7 +60,7 @@ FederatedTracker::FederatedTracker(Json const& config) : Tracker{config} {
 }
 
 std::future<Result> FederatedTracker::Run() {
-  return std::async([this]() {
+  return std::async(std::launch::async, [this]() {
     std::string const server_address = "0.0.0.0:" + std::to_string(this->port_);
     xgboost::collective::federated::FederatedService service{
         static_cast<std::int32_t>(this->n_workers_)};
@@ -98,10 +97,13 @@ std::future<Result> FederatedTracker::Run() {
 
     try {
       server_ = builder.BuildAndStart();
+      ready_ = true;
       server_->Wait();
     } catch (std::exception const& e) {
       return collective::Fail(std::string{e.what()});
     }
+
+    ready_ = false;
     return collective::Success();
   });
 }
@@ -109,18 +111,8 @@ std::future<Result> FederatedTracker::Run() {
 FederatedTracker::~FederatedTracker() = default;
 
 Result FederatedTracker::Shutdown() {
-  common::Timer timer;
-  timer.Start();
-  using namespace std::chrono_literals;
-  while (!server_) {
-    timer.Stop();
-    auto ela = timer.ElapsedSeconds();
-    if (ela > this->Timeout().count()) {
-      return Fail("Failed to shutdown, timeout:" + std::to_string(this->Timeout().count()) +
-                  " seconds.");
-    }
-    std::this_thread::sleep_for(10ms);
-  }
+  auto rc = this->WaitUntilReady();
+  CHECK(rc.OK()) << rc.Report();
 
   try {
     server_->Shutdown();
@@ -130,4 +122,17 @@ Result FederatedTracker::Shutdown() {
 
   return Success();
 }
+
+[[nodiscard]] Json FederatedTracker::WorkerArgs() const {
+  auto rc = this->WaitUntilReady();
+  CHECK(rc.OK()) << rc.Report();
+
+  std::string host;
+  rc = GetHostAddress(&host);
+  CHECK(rc.OK());
+  Json args{Object{}};
+  args["DMLC_TRACKER_URI"] = String{host};
+  args["DMLC_TRACKER_PORT"] = this->Port();
+  return args;
+}
 }  // namespace xgboost::collective

plugin/federated/federated_tracker.h

@@ -57,9 +57,8 @@ class FederatedTracker : public collective::Tracker {
   explicit FederatedTracker(Json const& config);
   ~FederatedTracker() override;
   std::future<Result> Run() override;
-  // federated tracker do not provide initialization parameters, users have to provide it
-  // themseleves.
-  [[nodiscard]] Json WorkerArgs() const override { return Json{Null{}}; }
+
+  [[nodiscard]] Json WorkerArgs() const override;
   [[nodiscard]] Result Shutdown();
 };
 }  // namespace xgboost::collective

src/collective/coll.cc

@@ -3,19 +3,35 @@
  */
 #include "coll.h"
 
-#include <algorithm>   // for min, max
-#include <cstddef>     // for size_t
-#include <cstdint>     // for int8_t, int64_t
-#include <functional>  // for bit_and, bit_or, bit_xor, plus
+#include <algorithm>    // for min, max, copy_n
+#include <cstddef>      // for size_t
+#include <cstdint>      // for int8_t, int64_t
+#include <functional>   // for bit_and, bit_or, bit_xor, plus
+#include <type_traits>  // for is_floating_point_v, is_same_v
+#include <utility>      // for move
 
-#include "allgather.h"  // for RingAllgatherV, RingAllgather
-#include "allreduce.h"  // for Allreduce
-#include "broadcast.h"  // for Broadcast
-#include "comm.h"       // for Comm
+#include "../data/array_interface.h"  // for ArrayInterfaceHandler
+#include "allgather.h"                // for RingAllgatherV, RingAllgather
+#include "allreduce.h"                // for Allreduce
+#include "broadcast.h"                // for Broadcast
+#include "comm.h"                     // for Comm
+
+#if defined(XGBOOST_USE_CUDA)
+#include "cuda_fp16.h"  // for __half
+#endif
 
 namespace xgboost::collective {
+template <typename T>
+bool constexpr IsFloatingPointV() {
+#if defined(XGBOOST_USE_CUDA)
+  return std::is_floating_point_v<T> || std::is_same_v<T, __half>;
+#else
+  return std::is_floating_point_v<T>;
+#endif  // defined(XGBOOST_USE_CUDA)
+}
+
 [[nodiscard]] Result Coll::Allreduce(Comm const& comm, common::Span<std::int8_t> data,
-                                     ArrayInterfaceHandler::Type, Op op) {
+                                     ArrayInterfaceHandler::Type type, Op op) {
   namespace coll = ::xgboost::collective;
 
   auto redop_fn = [](auto lhs, auto out, auto elem_op) {
@@ -25,32 +41,59 @@ namespace xgboost::collective {
       p_out[i] = elem_op(p_lhs[i], p_out[i]);
     }
   };
-  auto fn = [&](auto elem_op) {
-    return coll::Allreduce(
-        comm, data, [redop_fn, elem_op](auto lhs, auto rhs) { redop_fn(lhs, rhs, elem_op); });
+
+  auto fn = [&](auto elem_op, auto t) {
+    using T = decltype(t);
+    auto erased_fn = [redop_fn, elem_op](common::Span<std::int8_t const> lhs,
+                                         common::Span<std::int8_t> out) {
+      CHECK_EQ(lhs.size(), out.size()) << "Invalid input for reduction.";
+      auto lhs_t = common::RestoreType<T const>(lhs);
+      auto rhs_t = common::RestoreType<T>(out);
+
+      redop_fn(lhs_t, rhs_t, elem_op);
+    };
+
+    return cpu_impl::RingAllreduce(comm, data, erased_fn, type);
   };
 
-  switch (op) {
-    case Op::kMax: {
-      return fn([](auto l, auto r) { return std::max(l, r); });
+  auto rc = DispatchDType(type, [&](auto t) {
+    using T = decltype(t);
+    switch (op) {
+      case Op::kMax: {
+        return fn([](auto l, auto r) { return std::max(l, r); }, t);
+      }
+      case Op::kMin: {
+        return fn([](auto l, auto r) { return std::min(l, r); }, t);
+      }
+      case Op::kSum: {
+        return fn(std::plus<>{}, t);
+      }
+      case Op::kBitwiseAND: {
+        if constexpr (IsFloatingPointV<T>()) {
+          return Fail("Invalid type.");
+        } else {
+          return fn(std::bit_and<>{}, t);
+        }
+      }
+      case Op::kBitwiseOR: {
+        if constexpr (IsFloatingPointV<T>()) {
+          return Fail("Invalid type.");
+        } else {
+          return fn(std::bit_or<>{}, t);
+        }
+      }
+      case Op::kBitwiseXOR: {
+        if constexpr (IsFloatingPointV<T>()) {
+          return Fail("Invalid type.");
+        } else {
+          return fn(std::bit_xor<>{}, t);
+        }
+      }
     }
-    case Op::kMin: {
-      return fn([](auto l, auto r) { return std::min(l, r); });
-    }
-    case Op::kSum: {
-      return fn(std::plus<>{});
-    }
-    case Op::kBitwiseAND: {
-      return fn(std::bit_and<>{});
-    }
-    case Op::kBitwiseOR: {
-      return fn(std::bit_or<>{});
-    }
-    case Op::kBitwiseXOR: {
-      return fn(std::bit_xor<>{});
-    }
-  }
-  return comm.Block();
+    return Fail("Invalid op.");
+  });
+
+  return std::move(rc) << [&] { return comm.Block(); };
 }
 
 [[nodiscard]] Result Coll::Broadcast(Comm const& comm, common::Span<std::int8_t> data,

src/collective/tracker.cc

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 #endif  // defined(_WIN32)
 
 #include <algorithm>  // for sort
-#include <chrono>     // for seconds
+#include <chrono>     // for seconds, ms
 #include <cstdint>    // for int32_t
 #include <string>     // for string
 #include <utility>    // for move, forward
@@ -37,6 +37,25 @@ Tracker::Tracker(Json const& config)
       timeout_{std::chrono::seconds{OptionalArg<Integer const>(
           config, "timeout", static_cast<std::int64_t>(collective::DefaultTimeoutSec()))}} {}
 
+Result Tracker::WaitUntilReady() const {
+  using namespace std::chrono_literals;  // NOLINT
+
+  // Busy waiting. The function is mostly for waiting for the OS to launch an async
+  // thread, which should be reasonably fast.
+  common::Timer timer;
+  timer.Start();
+  while (!this->Ready()) {
+    auto ela = timer.Duration().count();
+    if (ela > this->Timeout().count()) {
+      return Fail("Failed to start tracker, timeout:" + std::to_string(this->Timeout().count()) +
+                  " seconds.");
+    }
+    std::this_thread::sleep_for(100ms);
+  }
+
+  return Success();
+}
+
 RabitTracker::WorkerProxy::WorkerProxy(std::int32_t world, TCPSocket sock, SockAddrV4 addr)
     : sock_{std::move(sock)} {
   auto host = addr.Addr();
@@ -76,6 +95,7 @@ RabitTracker::RabitTracker(Json const& config) : Tracker{config} {
   auto rc = collective::GetHostAddress(&self);
   auto host = OptionalArg<String>(config, "host", self);
 
+  host_ = host;
   listener_ = TCPSocket::Create(SockDomain::kV4);
   rc = listener_.Bind(host, &this->port_);
   CHECK(rc.OK()) << rc.Report();
@@ -173,6 +193,7 @@ Result RabitTracker::Bootstrap(std::vector<WorkerProxy>* p_workers) {
     while (state.ShouldContinue()) {
       TCPSocket sock;
       SockAddrV4 addr;
+      this->ready_ = true;
       auto rc = listener_.Accept(&sock, &addr);
       if (!rc.OK()) {
         return Fail("Failed to accept connection.", std::move(rc));
@@ -237,10 +258,21 @@ Result RabitTracker::Bootstrap(std::vector<WorkerProxy>* p_workers) {
         }
       }
     }
+    ready_ = false;
     return Success();
   });
 }
 
+[[nodiscard]] Json RabitTracker::WorkerArgs() const {
+  auto rc = this->WaitUntilReady();
+  CHECK(rc.OK()) << rc.Report();
+
+  Json args{Object{}};
+  args["DMLC_TRACKER_URI"] = String{host_};
+  args["DMLC_TRACKER_PORT"] = this->Port();
+  return args;
+}
+
 [[nodiscard]] Result GetHostAddress(std::string* out) {
   auto rc = GetHostName(out);
   if (!rc.OK()) {

src/collective/tracker.h

@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ class Tracker {
   std::int32_t n_workers_{0};
   std::int32_t port_{-1};
   std::chrono::seconds timeout_{0};
+  std::atomic<bool> ready_{false};
 
  public:
   explicit Tracker(Json const& config);
@@ -47,10 +48,17 @@ class Tracker {
       : n_workers_{n_worders}, port_{port}, timeout_{timeout} {}
 
   virtual ~Tracker() noexcept(false){};  // NOLINT
+
+  [[nodiscard]] Result WaitUntilReady() const;
+
   [[nodiscard]] virtual std::future<Result> Run() = 0;
   [[nodiscard]] virtual Json WorkerArgs() const = 0;
   [[nodiscard]] std::chrono::seconds Timeout() const { return timeout_; }
   [[nodiscard]] virtual std::int32_t Port() const { return port_; }
+  /**
+   * @brief Flag to indicate whether the server is running.
+   */
+  [[nodiscard]] bool Ready() const { return ready_; }
 };
 
 class RabitTracker : public Tracker {
@@ -124,13 +132,7 @@ class RabitTracker : public Tracker {
   ~RabitTracker() noexcept(false) override = default;
 
   std::future<Result> Run() override;
-
-  [[nodiscard]] Json WorkerArgs() const override {
-    Json args{Object{}};
-    args["DMLC_TRACKER_URI"] = String{host_};
-    args["DMLC_TRACKER_PORT"] = this->Port();
-    return args;
-  }
+  [[nodiscard]] Json WorkerArgs() const override;
 };
 
 // Prob the public IP address of the host, need a better method.

src/common/timer.h

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ struct Timer {
   void Start() { start = ClockT::now(); }
   void Stop() { elapsed += ClockT::now() - start; }
   double ElapsedSeconds() const { return SecondsT(elapsed).count(); }
+  SecondsT Duration() const { return ClockT::now() - start; }
   void PrintElapsed(std::string label) {
     char buffer[255];
     snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%s:\t %fs", label.c_str(),

tests/cpp/collective/test_tracker.cc

@@ -27,9 +27,15 @@ class PrintWorker : public WorkerForTest {
 
 TEST_F(TrackerTest, Bootstrap) {
   RabitTracker tracker{host, n_workers, 0, timeout};
+  ASSERT_FALSE(tracker.Ready());
   auto fut = tracker.Run();
 
   std::vector<std::thread> workers;
+
+  auto args = tracker.WorkerArgs();
+  ASSERT_TRUE(tracker.Ready());
+  ASSERT_EQ(get<String const>(args["DMLC_TRACKER_URI"]), host);
+
   std::int32_t port = tracker.Port();
 
   for (std::int32_t i = 0; i < n_workers; ++i) {
@@ -47,6 +53,9 @@ TEST_F(TrackerTest, Print) {
   auto fut = tracker.Run();
 
   std::vector<std::thread> workers;
+  auto rc = tracker.WaitUntilReady();
+  ASSERT_TRUE(rc.OK());
+
   std::int32_t port = tracker.Port();
 
   for (std::int32_t i = 0; i < n_workers; ++i) {

tests/cpp/plugin/federated/test_federated_tracker.cc

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright 2023, XGBoost Contributors
+ */
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include <memory>  // for make_unique
+#include <string>  // for string
+
+#include "../../../../src/collective/tracker.h"  // for GetHostAddress
+#include "federated_tracker.h"
+#include "test_worker.h"
+#include "xgboost/json.h"  // for Json
+
+namespace xgboost::collective {
+TEST(FederatedTrackerTest, Basic) {
+  Json config{Object()};
+  config["federated_secure"] = Boolean{false};
+  config["n_workers"] = Integer{3};
+
+  auto tracker = std::make_unique<FederatedTracker>(config);
+  ASSERT_FALSE(tracker->Ready());
+  auto fut = tracker->Run();
+  auto args = tracker->WorkerArgs();
+  ASSERT_TRUE(tracker->Ready());
+
+  ASSERT_GE(tracker->Port(), 1);
+  std::string host;
+  auto rc = GetHostAddress(&host);
+  ASSERT_EQ(get<String const>(args["DMLC_TRACKER_URI"]), host);
+
+  rc = tracker->Shutdown();
+  ASSERT_TRUE(rc.OK());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(fut.get().OK());
+  ASSERT_FALSE(tracker->Ready());
+}
+}  // namespace xgboost::collective